Lithium levels in drinking water may be linked to a higher risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed data from over 8,800 cases of ASD and found a modest increase in risk among pregnant women who consumed tap water with high levels of lithium.
The study, published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics, suggests that exposure to higher levels of lithium may be associated with an increased risk of autism diagnosis, but experts caution that this association does not prove a direct link between the two. The researchers found that the group with the highest exposure had a 46% higher risk than those at the lowest level of exposure.
However, further study is needed to confirm these findings and determine whether lithium exposure plays a causal role in autism development. Dr. Beate Ritz, co-author of the study, emphasized the importance of replicating the research in other countries to look for similar connections.
Lithium levels in drinking water are not regulated in the US, according to the US Geological Survey. The metal is commonly found in food and groundwater and has been used in various applications, including batteries, grease, and air conditioners. However, its use as a treatment for bipolar disorder and some blood disorders may have implications for human health.
The study's findings are complex and require careful consideration of public health policy. Lithium levels in water that were associated with an increased risk of autism diagnosis have also been linked to lower rates of hospitalization for psychiatric disorders and suicide.
Other research has suggested connections between ASD and environmental exposures, such as pesticides, air pollution, and phthalates. However, these studies have not established a direct causal link between exposure to these factors and the development of autism.
The study's results highlight the need for further research into the potential environmental causes of autism spectrum disorder. As Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital in Cleveland, noted, "we are bombarded with a variety of environmental stressors in our everyday lives... we have to figure out how to safely navigate them."
The implications of the study's findings will require careful consideration by policymakers and healthcare professionals. As Dr. David C. Bellinger, professor of neurology and psychology at Harvard Medical School, noted, "if all these associations are valid, the wisdom of Solomon will be required to develop guidelines for lithium in drinking water that are maximally protective of the entire population."
The study, published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics, suggests that exposure to higher levels of lithium may be associated with an increased risk of autism diagnosis, but experts caution that this association does not prove a direct link between the two. The researchers found that the group with the highest exposure had a 46% higher risk than those at the lowest level of exposure.
However, further study is needed to confirm these findings and determine whether lithium exposure plays a causal role in autism development. Dr. Beate Ritz, co-author of the study, emphasized the importance of replicating the research in other countries to look for similar connections.
Lithium levels in drinking water are not regulated in the US, according to the US Geological Survey. The metal is commonly found in food and groundwater and has been used in various applications, including batteries, grease, and air conditioners. However, its use as a treatment for bipolar disorder and some blood disorders may have implications for human health.
The study's findings are complex and require careful consideration of public health policy. Lithium levels in water that were associated with an increased risk of autism diagnosis have also been linked to lower rates of hospitalization for psychiatric disorders and suicide.
Other research has suggested connections between ASD and environmental exposures, such as pesticides, air pollution, and phthalates. However, these studies have not established a direct causal link between exposure to these factors and the development of autism.
The study's results highlight the need for further research into the potential environmental causes of autism spectrum disorder. As Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital in Cleveland, noted, "we are bombarded with a variety of environmental stressors in our everyday lives... we have to figure out how to safely navigate them."
The implications of the study's findings will require careful consideration by policymakers and healthcare professionals. As Dr. David C. Bellinger, professor of neurology and psychology at Harvard Medical School, noted, "if all these associations are valid, the wisdom of Solomon will be required to develop guidelines for lithium in drinking water that are maximally protective of the entire population."