New Nasal Vaccine Shows Early Promise in Fighting Covid-19 Infections
Scientists at the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in Berlin, Germany, have successfully developed a nasal vaccine that can effectively combat Covid-19 infections. The vaccine uses a live but weakened form of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to trigger an immune response, achieving "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness.
In experiments involving hamsters, two doses of the vaccine blocked the virus from copying itself in the animals' upper airways, demonstrating that it can effectively shut down Covid-19 infections at their earliest stage. The researchers believe that this approach could provide a crucial layer of protection against the highly contagious and adaptable SARS-CoV-2 virus.
While there are currently several nasal vaccines in various stages of clinical trials, the German vaccine has shown promising results in animal studies, surpassing two other competing vaccines in terms of immune response. Researchers think that the live weakened vaccine probably worked better because it closely mimics the process of a natural infection.
The new vaccine previews the entire coronavirus for the body, not just its spike proteins like current Covid-19 vaccines do, allowing hamsters to make immune weapons against a wider range of targets. However, experts caution that the vaccine still needs to pass further tests before it can be used in humans and that another Omicron-level shift in the virus evolution could render it ineffective.
The study began in 2021, before the emergence of the Omicron variant, so the vaccine tested was made with the original strain. When infected animals were exposed to Omicron, the live weakened nasal vaccine still performed better than the others, but its ability to neutralize the virus was diminished. Researchers are now working on an update and plan to start phase I clinical trials.
Other nasal vaccines for Covid-19 have reached late-stage testing in humans, while several other candidates are nearing completion of their human studies. However, respiratory infections have proved to be tough targets for inhaled vaccines, making it essential to carefully consider the risks and benefits of live attenuated viruses.
The use of live attenuated viruses has been successful in developing vaccines against diseases such as measles, mumps, and rubella, but these vaccines cannot be taken by everyone due to potential risks. Researchers must ensure that the new Covid-19 vaccine is safe for all populations, including those with compromised immunity.
Scientists at the Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in Berlin, Germany, have successfully developed a nasal vaccine that can effectively combat Covid-19 infections. The vaccine uses a live but weakened form of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to trigger an immune response, achieving "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness.
In experiments involving hamsters, two doses of the vaccine blocked the virus from copying itself in the animals' upper airways, demonstrating that it can effectively shut down Covid-19 infections at their earliest stage. The researchers believe that this approach could provide a crucial layer of protection against the highly contagious and adaptable SARS-CoV-2 virus.
While there are currently several nasal vaccines in various stages of clinical trials, the German vaccine has shown promising results in animal studies, surpassing two other competing vaccines in terms of immune response. Researchers think that the live weakened vaccine probably worked better because it closely mimics the process of a natural infection.
The new vaccine previews the entire coronavirus for the body, not just its spike proteins like current Covid-19 vaccines do, allowing hamsters to make immune weapons against a wider range of targets. However, experts caution that the vaccine still needs to pass further tests before it can be used in humans and that another Omicron-level shift in the virus evolution could render it ineffective.
The study began in 2021, before the emergence of the Omicron variant, so the vaccine tested was made with the original strain. When infected animals were exposed to Omicron, the live weakened nasal vaccine still performed better than the others, but its ability to neutralize the virus was diminished. Researchers are now working on an update and plan to start phase I clinical trials.
Other nasal vaccines for Covid-19 have reached late-stage testing in humans, while several other candidates are nearing completion of their human studies. However, respiratory infections have proved to be tough targets for inhaled vaccines, making it essential to carefully consider the risks and benefits of live attenuated viruses.
The use of live attenuated viruses has been successful in developing vaccines against diseases such as measles, mumps, and rubella, but these vaccines cannot be taken by everyone due to potential risks. Researchers must ensure that the new Covid-19 vaccine is safe for all populations, including those with compromised immunity.