The US has launched a high-profile raid on Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro's residence, with Donald Trump citing oil interests as the motivation. However, this simplistic narrative fails to capture the complexities of Venezuela's crisis.
While it is true that Venezuela boasts vast oil reserves, these riches have also become a curse for the country. The reliance on oil rents has led to overvaluation of the currency and made Caracas import-dependent. The 1960s pact that divided hydrocarbon spoils according to vote share only exacerbated this problem, leaving Venezuela exposed when oil prices collapsed in the early 1990s.
The US intervention is part of a larger pattern of interference in Venezuela's affairs. In 2002, the Bush administration covertly backed a business-led coup that briefly toppled Chávez, hardening his regime and entrenching an ideological state machinery. This episode proved formative, treating political opposition as an existential threat.
When oil prices collapsed after Chávez's death in 2013, Venezuela's economy collapsed with them. The result was hyperinflation, dollar scarcity, and widespread poverty. While removing Maduro may seem like a step towards recovery, it is unlikely to address the underlying issues. The system he inherited remains intact, with power resting with Chavismo's networks of fixers and generals.
The US oil majors' potential share in Venezuela's revenues only serves to deepen Caracas' financial woes. This move can be seen as eerily reminiscent of Iraq, where a decision was made without a single clear rationale. Instead, it was driven by a complex mix of oil interests, ideological fixation, and presidential ego – each element serving its own purpose.
The US intervention is not about rescue or salvation but rather about pursuing specific gains, including future profits for oil majors, modest downward pressure on oil prices, and geopolitical advantages over China and Cuba. While the economic returns may be incremental, this move carries significant risks with no clear endgame in sight.
While it is true that Venezuela boasts vast oil reserves, these riches have also become a curse for the country. The reliance on oil rents has led to overvaluation of the currency and made Caracas import-dependent. The 1960s pact that divided hydrocarbon spoils according to vote share only exacerbated this problem, leaving Venezuela exposed when oil prices collapsed in the early 1990s.
The US intervention is part of a larger pattern of interference in Venezuela's affairs. In 2002, the Bush administration covertly backed a business-led coup that briefly toppled Chávez, hardening his regime and entrenching an ideological state machinery. This episode proved formative, treating political opposition as an existential threat.
When oil prices collapsed after Chávez's death in 2013, Venezuela's economy collapsed with them. The result was hyperinflation, dollar scarcity, and widespread poverty. While removing Maduro may seem like a step towards recovery, it is unlikely to address the underlying issues. The system he inherited remains intact, with power resting with Chavismo's networks of fixers and generals.
The US oil majors' potential share in Venezuela's revenues only serves to deepen Caracas' financial woes. This move can be seen as eerily reminiscent of Iraq, where a decision was made without a single clear rationale. Instead, it was driven by a complex mix of oil interests, ideological fixation, and presidential ego – each element serving its own purpose.
The US intervention is not about rescue or salvation but rather about pursuing specific gains, including future profits for oil majors, modest downward pressure on oil prices, and geopolitical advantages over China and Cuba. While the economic returns may be incremental, this move carries significant risks with no clear endgame in sight.