The Mecca Pact's First Test: Diplomacy Over War in Yemen The recent Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia have raised the stakes for the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkiye.
This key regional security agreement represents a significant shift in the region's defence architecture.
Traditionally, the US has been the main security partner of Gulf states, but its intention to withdraw from direct military involvement has left regional countries scrambling to find new defence arrangements.