Scientists in Germany have made significant progress in developing a new type of nasal vaccine that shows early promise in preventing Covid-19 infections. The vaccine uses a live but weakened form of the coronavirus and has been shown to block the virus from replicating in the upper airways, achieving "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness.
In animal studies, including hamsters, two doses of the vaccine were found to be effective in creating a strong immune response, outperforming other vaccines. The researchers think that the live weakened vaccine worked better because it closely mimics the process of a natural infection.
The nasal vaccine also previews the entire coronavirus for the body, not just its spike proteins like current Covid-19 vaccines do, allowing the hamsters to make immune weapons against a wider range of targets. While the results are encouraging, experts say that caution is warranted and more tests need to be done before the vaccine can be widely used.
Other nasal vaccines are already in use or nearing completion of clinical trials, but they have not been shown to be as effective as this new approach. The US has reached a stalemate with Covid-19, with hundreds of Americans still dying daily from the infection.
The development of a pan-coronavirus vaccine that induces mucosal immunity and is long-lived is considered crucial. Experts argue that developing such a vaccine is foolish and should be the priority.
At least four nasal vaccines for Covid-19 are currently in late-stage testing in people, according to the World Health Organization's vaccine tracker. The German team is eagerly awaiting the results of the Codagenix studies, which may provide insight into whether this approach is promising or not.
However, respiratory infections have proved to be tough targets for inhaled vaccines, and fluMist, a live but weakened form of the flu virus, has shown limited effectiveness in adults. The use of live attenuated viruses in other vaccines, such as those against measles, mumps, and rubella, offers hope for this approach.
Despite the potential benefits, there are concerns about the safety of live vaccines, particularly for individuals with compromised immunity.
In animal studies, including hamsters, two doses of the vaccine were found to be effective in creating a strong immune response, outperforming other vaccines. The researchers think that the live weakened vaccine worked better because it closely mimics the process of a natural infection.
The nasal vaccine also previews the entire coronavirus for the body, not just its spike proteins like current Covid-19 vaccines do, allowing the hamsters to make immune weapons against a wider range of targets. While the results are encouraging, experts say that caution is warranted and more tests need to be done before the vaccine can be widely used.
Other nasal vaccines are already in use or nearing completion of clinical trials, but they have not been shown to be as effective as this new approach. The US has reached a stalemate with Covid-19, with hundreds of Americans still dying daily from the infection.
The development of a pan-coronavirus vaccine that induces mucosal immunity and is long-lived is considered crucial. Experts argue that developing such a vaccine is foolish and should be the priority.
At least four nasal vaccines for Covid-19 are currently in late-stage testing in people, according to the World Health Organization's vaccine tracker. The German team is eagerly awaiting the results of the Codagenix studies, which may provide insight into whether this approach is promising or not.
However, respiratory infections have proved to be tough targets for inhaled vaccines, and fluMist, a live but weakened form of the flu virus, has shown limited effectiveness in adults. The use of live attenuated viruses in other vaccines, such as those against measles, mumps, and rubella, offers hope for this approach.
Despite the potential benefits, there are concerns about the safety of live vaccines, particularly for individuals with compromised immunity.